国内避難民 / 国内強制移動問題の諸相 : 「人の移動と脆弱性の視点」へ

Abstract

This article explores the multifaceted aspects of the internally displaced persons/internal displacement issue through focusing on several issues that have been outside the mainstream or were dissociated previously in the advocacy, policy and research related to this issue. It begins with an analysis of the way the term ‘internally displaced person’ （IDP） has been construed, examining among others the notion of ‘IDP’ as observable in the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement and other documents. Excluding conflict and violence that constituted the mainstream, the article then relates to the following issues: 1） development projects, 2） disasters, 3） climate change and 4） human trafficking. Previous efforts for each issue, and their relationship with or mainstreaming within the internal displacement issue are analysed. This study also touches on the challenges in addressing each issue and argues the relevance and limitations of the Guiding Principles in this regard. While it focuses on the efforts of the Representative of the Secretary-General （now Special Rapporteur） for IDPs, it also indicates the efforts of other important actors where appropriate. The study describes the estrangement between internal displacement as a policy issue and as a phenomenon, and identifies issues in this estrangement area as issues on an unclear contour. This viewpoint has significance since the peripheries sometime highlight the reality. Another important element of the article is the discussion on the limitations of existing concepts of internal displacement and forced migration. In that respect, the article features human mobility and vulnerability as important guidance points in discussing this issue as well as contemplating future policy directions. It finally proposes the human mobility and vulnerability lens as a conceptual and analytical framework that covers the shortcomings of existing notions and frameworks.